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The '''IIHF Women's World Hockey Championship''' is the premier international tournament in women's ice hockey. It is governed by the [[International Ice Hockey Federation]] (IIHF).  
{{Infobox sports league
|current_season = 2019 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
|logo=
|pixels=
|caption=
|sport=Ice hockey
|founded=[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|teams=10 in the Top Division<br>12 in Division I<br>17 Division II
|champion={{ihw|USA}} (9th title)
|most_champs = {{ihw|CAN}} (10 titles)
|website=[https://www.iihf.com/en/tournaments IIHF.com]
}}
The '''IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship''' is the premier international tournament in women's ice hockey. It is governed by the [[International Ice Hockey Federation]] (IIHF).


The official world competition was first held in 1990.<ref name=PastTournaments>{{cite web|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html |title=IIHF World Women's Championships |accessdate=2011-01-12 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> In 1995 and 1996, in lieu of the world championship, the [[IIHF Women's Pacific Rim Championship]] or European Championships were held. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.<ref name=Merk>{{cite news|title=New era of women’s hockey |date=2010-12-17 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |accessdate=2011-10-12 |last=Merk |first=Martin |accessdate=2011-01-12|url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html}}</ref>
The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90's.<ref name=PastTournaments>{{cite web|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html |title=IIHF World Women's Championships |accessdate=12 January 2011 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were [[IIHF European Women Championships|European Championships]] and in 1995 and 1996 a [[IIHF Women's Pacific Rim Championship|Pacific Rim Championship]]. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|1998]] onward, the [[Olympic Games#Women's tournament|Olympic tournament]] was played instead of the IIHF Championships. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.<ref name=Merk>{{cite news |title=New era of women's hockey |date=17 December 2010 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |last=Merk |first=Martin |accessdate=12 January 2011 |url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921063928/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |archivedate=21 September 2013 |df= }}</ref>
 
[[Canada]] and the [[United States|USA]] have dominated the tournament, placing first and second in every tournament until 2019. Canada won gold the first eight straight and the USA dominated recently winning 9 of the last 11 gold medals.
 
==Structure and Qualification==
The women's tournament began as an eight-team tournament featuring Canada, the US, the top five from the [[1989 IIHF European Women Championships|1989 European championships]], and one Asian qualifier. The same formula was used for 1992, 1994 and 1997, but changed following the first [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament]] at the [[1998 Winter Olympics|1998 Nagano Olympics]]. The best five from the Olympic tournament were qualified for [[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]], followed by the best three from qualification rounds during the Olympic year. The championship became a yearly tournament beginning in [[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]] with promotion and relegation with lower ranked nations. Remaining nations play in groups of (now) six nations, with as many as five tiers.
 
After the 2017 tournament, it was announced that tournament would expand to 10 teams for [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]], having been played with 8 teams since the first tournament in [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]], except in [[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]], [[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]], and [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]], where 9 teams played. The [[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]] edition featured 9 teams when [[Japan]] was promoted from Division II but no team was relegated from the Top Division in [[2003 IIHF Women's World Championship|2003]], due to the cancellation of the top division tournament in China because of the outbreak of the SARS disease.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Merk |first1=Martin |title=Women's Worlds grow |url=https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2019/ww/news/4341/women%E2%80%99s-worlds-grow |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]  |accessdate=17 February 2019}}</ref> Two teams were relegated from the Top Division in [[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]], going back to 8 teams for [[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]], but due to the success of the 9-team pool in 2004, [[International Ice Hockey Federation|IIHF]] decided to expand again to 9 teams for [[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]].<ref>{{cite news |title=The IIHF Annual Congress made the following decisions in Riga during its session on May 19: |url=http://www.iihf.com/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/The_IIHF/IceTimes_10_4.pdf |accessdate=17 February 2019 |issue=Volume 10 Number 4 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |date=June 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227024707/http://www.iihf.com/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/The_IIHF/IceTimes_10_4.pdf |archivedate=27 February 2014 |page=2}}</ref> Reverting to 8 teams after the [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] tournament.<ref>{{cite web |title=World Women's back to eight teams |url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3263&cHash=f29880b6730f3340e970e9c90a588100 |website=''iihf.com'' |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |accessdate=17 February 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185236/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3263&cHash=f29880b6730f3340e970e9c90a588100 |archivedate=4 March 2016}}</ref>
 
===Championship Format===
Initially, the tournament was an eight-team tournament divided into two groups, which played round-robin.  The top two from each group played off for the gold, and beginning in 1999 the bottom two played off to determine placement and relegation. In [[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]], [[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]], and [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] the tournament was played with nine nations, using three groups of three playing round-robin.  In this format first place from each group continued on to play for gold, second place from each group played for placement and an opportunity to still play for bronze, and the third place teams played off to determine relegation. Beginning in [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]], the tournament changed the format to encourage more equal games. The top four seed nations played in Group A, where the top two teams got a bye to the semi-finals, the bottom two go to the quarter-finals to face the top two finishers from Group B.  The bottom two from Group B then play each other in a best of three to determine relegation. Beginning in [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] the tournament was expanded to ten teams, bringing with it a new format. The ten teams are divided into two groups of five and play round-robin. In this format, the five teams in Group A and the top three teams from Group B move into the Quarterfinals, seeded A1vsB3, A2vsB2, A3vsB1, and A4vsA5. The bottom two from Group B now play only one 9th place game and both get relegated.
 
===Lower Divisions===
By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six, called Division I, Division II, and Division III with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.
 
==Rules and eligibility==
The rules of play are essentially the same as the [[Ice Hockey World Championships#Rules|men's]] with one key difference: body checking. Checking was allowed in the first championship but has been assessed as a minor penalty since. To be eligible players must be under the jurisdiction of the governing body they are representing and must be a citizen of that country.  Additionally, the player must be eighteen years old, or sixteen with a medical waiver, in the season the tournament takes place.<ref>[http://www.iihf.com/fileadmin/user_upload/PDF/The_IIHF/2014-2018_IIHF_Statutes_and_Bylaws_web.pdf IIHF Statutes and Bylaws, sections 406, 616, and 900]</ref>


==Tournaments==
==Tournaments==
{| border=1 style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;" cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 width=100%
{| border=1 style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;" cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 width=100%
|- bgcolor=#C1D8FF
|- bgcolor=#C1D8FF
!rowspan=2 width=5%|Year
!rowspan=2 width=5%|Year
!rowspan=2 width=15%|Host city
!width=1% rowspan=30 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=19 bgcolor=ffffff|
!rowspan=2 width=20%|Host city
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!colspan=3|Final
!colspan=3|Final
!width=1% rowspan=19 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!colspan=3|Third place match
!colspan=3|Third place match
|- bgcolor=#EFEFEF
|- bgcolor=#EFEFEF
Line 18: Line 46:
!width=15%|Second place
!width=15%|Second place
!width=15%|Third place
!width=15%|Third place
!width=10%|Score
!width=5%|Score
!width=15%|Fourth place
!width=15%|Fourth place
|- align=center bgcolor=darkblue
!
!colspan=9|
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Ottawa]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Ottawa]]
!width=1% rowspan=4 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''5–2'''
|'''5–2'''
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
!width=1% rowspan=4 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''6–3'''
|'''6–3'''
Line 31: Line 64:
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]]
|[[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Tampere]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Tampere]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''8–0'''
|'''8–0'''
Line 40: Line 73:
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]
|[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''6–3'''
|'''6–3'''
Line 49: Line 82:
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]]
|[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''4–3''' <br> (OT)
|'''4–3''' <br> (OT)
Line 56: Line 89:
|'''3–0'''
|'''3–0'''
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|<!--[[1998 IIHF Women's World Championship|1998]]--> 1998
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|1998 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]]
|[[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Espoo]] & [[Vantaa]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Espoo]]/[[Vantaa]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''3–1'''
|'''3–1'''
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''8–2'''
|'''8–2'''
Line 67: Line 105:
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2000 IIHF Women's World Championship|2000]]
|[[2000 IIHF Women's World Championship|2000]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Mississauga, Ontario|Mississauga]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Mississauga]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
Line 76: Line 114:
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]
|[[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Minneapolis]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
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|'''2–1'''
|'''2–1'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|<!--[[2002 IIHF Women's World Championship|2002]]--> 2002
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2002 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2002 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2003 IIHF Women's World Championship|2003]]
|[[2003 IIHF Women's World Championship|2003]]
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Beijing]]
|align=left|{{flag|China}}, [[Beijing]]
|colspan=7| ''Cancelled due to [[SARS]] outbreak in China''
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|colspan=7| ''Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]]
|[[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Halifax Urban Area|Halifax]] & [[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]/[[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''2–0'''
|'''2–0'''
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
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|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]
|[[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]
|{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Linköping]] & [[Norrköping]]
|align=left|{{flag|Sweden}}, [[Linköping]]/[[Norrköping]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''1–0''' <br> (SO)
|'''1–0''' <br> (SO)
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|'''5–2'''
|'''5–2'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|<!--[[2006 IIHF Women's World Championship|2006]]--> 2006
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2006 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2006 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]]
|[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Winnipeg]] & [[Selkirk, Manitoba|Selkirk]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Winnipeg]]/[[Selkirk, Manitoba|Selkirk]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''5–1'''
|'''5–1'''
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|'''1–0'''
|'''1–0'''
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|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]
|[[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Harbin]]
|align=left|{{flag|China}}, [[Harbin]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''4–3'''
|'''4–3'''
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|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]]
|[[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Hämeenlinna]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Hämeenlinna]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
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|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|<!--[[2010 IIHF Women's World Championship|2010]]--> 2010
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2010 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2010 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]]
|[[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]]
|{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Zürich]] & [[Winterthur]]
|align=left|{{flag|Switzerland}}, [[Zürich]]/[[Winterthur]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
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|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]]
|[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]]
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''5–4''' <br> (OT)
|'''5–4''' <br> (OT)
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|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]]
|[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Ottawa]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Ottawa]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
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|'''2–0'''
|'''2–0'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|[[2015 IIHF Women's World Championship|2015]]
|[[2014 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2014]]
|{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Malmö]]
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2014 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2014 Olympics]]''
|
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF  
|
|[[2015 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2015]]
|
|align=left|{{flag|Sweden}}, [[Malmö]]
|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|
|'''7–5'''
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''4–1'''
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|<!--[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]]-->2016
|[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} TBA
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Kamloops]]
|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|
|'''1–0''' <br> (OT)
|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|
|'''1–0''' <br> (SO)
|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF  
|
|[[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]]
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Plymouth Township, Michigan|Plymouth]]
|<!--[[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]]-->2017
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{flagicon|USA}} TBA
|'''3–2'''<br> (OT)
|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|
|'''8–0'''
|
|{{ihw-big|GER}}
|
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|
|[[2018 IIHF Women's World Championship|2018]]
|
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2018 Olympics]]''
|
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|<!--[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]]-->2019
|[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}} TBA
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Espoo]]
|
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|
|'''2–1''' <br> (SO)
|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|
|'''7–0'''
|
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|<!--[[2020 IIHF Women's World Championship|2020]]-->2020
|<!--[[2020 IIHF Women's World Championship|2020]]-->2020
|{{flagicon|CAN}} TBA
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]/[[Truro, Nova Scotia|Truro]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tsn.ca/halifax-truro-to-host-2020-women-s-worlds-1.1200790|title=Halifax, Truro to host 2020 Women's Worlds – The Sports Network|date=30 October 2018|work=TSN|access-date=30 October 2018}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|}
|}
=== Participation and medals ===
=== Participation and medals ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
|-
|-
! Nation !! Games !! First !! Last !! style="background:gold"|Gold !! style="background:silver"|Silver !! style="background:#c96"|Bronze !! Total !! Best finish (first/last)
! Nation !! Tournaments !! First !! Last !! style="background:gold"|Gold !! style="background:silver"|Silver !! style="background:#c96"|Bronze !! Total !! data-sort-type=number|Best finish (first/last)
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CAN}} || 15 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 10 || 5 || 0 || 15 || 1st ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CAN}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 10 || 8 || 1 || 19 || 1st ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|USA}} || 15 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 5 || 10 || 0 || 15 || 1st ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]])
| align=left|{{ihw|USA}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 9 || 10 || 0 || 19 || 1st ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|FIN}} || 15 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 10 || 10 || 3rd ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]])
| align=left|{{ihw|FIN}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 1 || 12 || 13 || 2nd ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SWE}} || 15 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]])
| align=left|{{ihw|RUS}} || 16 || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 3 || 3rd ([[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]/[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|RUS}} || 12 || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]/[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]])
| align=left|{{ihw|SWE}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SUI}} || 12 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3rd ([[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
| align=left|{{ihw|SUI}} || 16 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3rd ([[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CHN}} || 11 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]/[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CHN}} || 11 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]/[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|GER}} || 11 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 5th ([[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]/[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]])
| align=left|{{ihw|GER}} || 14 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|NOR}} || 4 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]])
| align=left|{{ihw|NOR}} || 4 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]])
Line 239: Line 293:
| align=left|{{ihw|KAZ}} || 4 || [[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]] || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]])
| align=left|{{ihw|KAZ}} || 4 || [[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]] || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|JPN}} || 5 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CZE}} || 5 || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]])
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|JPN}} || 7 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]/[[2015 IIHF Women's World Championship|2015]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SVK}} || 2 || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || [[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]])
| align=left|{{ihw|SVK}} || 2 || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || [[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]])
Line 245: Line 301:
| align=left|{{ihw|DEN}} || 1 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]])
| align=left|{{ihw|DEN}} || 1 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CZE}} || 1 || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 8th ([[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]])
| align=left|{{ihw|FRA}} || 1 || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 10th ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
|}
|}


Revision as of 14:45, 23 August 2019

IIHF World Women's Championships
2019 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
Sport Ice hockey
Founded 1990
No. of teams 10 in the Top Division
12 in Division I
17 Division II
Most recent champion(s) Flag of the United States.svg.png United States (9th title)
Most championship(s) Flag of Canada.svg.png Canada (10 titles)
Official website IIHF.com

The IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship is the premier international tournament in women's ice hockey. It is governed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).

The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90's.[1] From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were European Championships and in 1995 and 1996 a Pacific Rim Championship. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in 1998 onward, the Olympic tournament was played instead of the IIHF Championships. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.[2]

Canada and the USA have dominated the tournament, placing first and second in every tournament until 2019. Canada won gold the first eight straight and the USA dominated recently winning 9 of the last 11 gold medals.

Structure and Qualification

The women's tournament began as an eight-team tournament featuring Canada, the US, the top five from the 1989 European championships, and one Asian qualifier. The same formula was used for 1992, 1994 and 1997, but changed following the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament at the 1998 Nagano Olympics. The best five from the Olympic tournament were qualified for 1999, followed by the best three from qualification rounds during the Olympic year. The championship became a yearly tournament beginning in 1999 with promotion and relegation with lower ranked nations. Remaining nations play in groups of (now) six nations, with as many as five tiers.

After the 2017 tournament, it was announced that tournament would expand to 10 teams for 2019, having been played with 8 teams since the first tournament in 1990, except in 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009, where 9 teams played. The 2004 edition featured 9 teams when Japan was promoted from Division II but no team was relegated from the Top Division in 2003, due to the cancellation of the top division tournament in China because of the outbreak of the SARS disease.[3] Two teams were relegated from the Top Division in 2004, going back to 8 teams for 2005, but due to the success of the 9-team pool in 2004, IIHF decided to expand again to 9 teams for 2007.[4] Reverting to 8 teams after the 2009 tournament.[5]

Championship Format

Initially, the tournament was an eight-team tournament divided into two groups, which played round-robin. The top two from each group played off for the gold, and beginning in 1999 the bottom two played off to determine placement and relegation. In 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009 the tournament was played with nine nations, using three groups of three playing round-robin. In this format first place from each group continued on to play for gold, second place from each group played for placement and an opportunity to still play for bronze, and the third place teams played off to determine relegation. Beginning in 2011, the tournament changed the format to encourage more equal games. The top four seed nations played in Group A, where the top two teams got a bye to the semi-finals, the bottom two go to the quarter-finals to face the top two finishers from Group B. The bottom two from Group B then play each other in a best of three to determine relegation. Beginning in 2019 the tournament was expanded to ten teams, bringing with it a new format. The ten teams are divided into two groups of five and play round-robin. In this format, the five teams in Group A and the top three teams from Group B move into the Quarterfinals, seeded A1vsB3, A2vsB2, A3vsB1, and A4vsA5. The bottom two from Group B now play only one 9th place game and both get relegated.

Lower Divisions

By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six, called Division I, Division II, and Division III with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.

Rules and eligibility

The rules of play are essentially the same as the men's with one key difference: body checking. Checking was allowed in the first championship but has been assessed as a minor penalty since. To be eligible players must be under the jurisdiction of the governing body they are representing and must be a citizen of that country. Additionally, the player must be eighteen years old, or sixteen with a medical waiver, in the season the tournament takes place.[6]

Tournaments

Year Host city Final Third place match
Champion Score Second place Third place Score Fourth place
1990  Canada, Ottawa
Canada 		5–2
United States
Finland 		6–3
Sweden
1992  Finland, Tampere
Canada 		8–0
United States
Finland 		5–4
Sweden
1994  USA, Lake Placid
Canada 		6–3
United States
Finland 		8–1
China
1997  Canada, Kitchener
Canada 		4–3
(OT)
United States
Finland 		3–0
China
1998 Competition not held during 1998 Olympics
1999  Finland, Espoo/Vantaa
Canada 		3–1
United States
Finland 		8–2
Sweden
2000  Canada, Mississauga
Canada 		3–2
(OT)
United States
Finland 		7–1
Sweden
2001  USA, Minneapolis
Canada 		3–2
United States
Russia 		2–1
Finland
2002 Competition not held during 2002 Olympics
2003  China, Beijing Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China
2004  Canada, Halifax/Dartmouth
Canada 		2–0
United States
Finland 		3–2
Sweden
2005  Sweden, Linköping/Norrköping
United States 		1–0
(SO)
Canada
Sweden 		5–2
Finland
2006 Competition not held during 2006 Olympics
2007  Canada, Winnipeg/Selkirk
Canada 		5–1
United States
Sweden 		1–0
Finland
2008  China, Harbin
United States 		4–3
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Switzerland
2009  Finland, Hämeenlinna
United States 		4–1
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Sweden
2010 Competition not held during 2010 Olympics
2011  Switzerland, Zürich/Winterthur
United States 		3–2
(OT)
Canada
Finland 		3–2
(OT)
Russia
2012  USA, Burlington
Canada 		5–4
(OT)
United States
Switzerland 		6–2
Finland
2013  Canada, Ottawa
United States 		3–2
Canada
Russia 		2–0
Finland
2014 Competition not held at top level during 2014 Olympics
2015  Sweden, Malmö
United States 		7–5
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Russia
2016  Canada, Kamloops
United States 		1–0
(OT)
Canada
Russia 		1–0
(SO)
Finland
2017  USA, Plymouth
United States 		3–2
(OT)
Canada
Finland 		8–0
Germany
2018 Competition not held at top level during 2018 Olympics
2019  Finland, Espoo
United States 		2–1
(SO)
Finland
Canada 		7–0
Russia
2020  Canada, Halifax/Truro[7]

Participation and medals

Nation Tournaments First Last Gold Silver Bronze Total Best finish (first/last)
Flag of Canada.svg.png Canada 19 1990 2019 10 8 1 19 1st (1990/2012)
Flag of the United States.svg.png United States 19 1990 2019 9 10 0 19 1st (2005/2019)
Flag of Finland.svg.png Finland 19 1990 2019 0 1 12 13 2nd (2019)
Flag of Russia.svg.png Russia 16 1997 2019 0 0 3 3 3rd (2001/2016)
Flag of Sweden.svg.png Sweden 19 1990 2019 0 0 2 2 3rd (2005/2007)
Flag of Switzerland.svg.png Switzerland 16 1990 2019 0 0 1 1 3rd (2012)
Flag of China.svg.png China 11 1992 2009 0 0 0 0 4th (1994/1997)
Flag of Germany.svg.png Germany 14 1990 2019 0 0 0 0 4th (2017)
Flag of Norway.svg.png Norway 4 1990 1997 0 0 0 0 6th (1990/1994)
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg.png Kazakhstan 4 2001 2011 0 0 0 0 6th (2009)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg.png Czech Republic 5 2013 2019 0 0 0 0 6th (2016)
Flag of Japan.svg.png Japan 7 1990 2019 0 0 0 0 7th (2008/2015)
Flag of Slovakia.svg.png Slovakia 2 2011 2012 0 0 0 0 7th (2011)
Flag of Denmark.svg.png Denmark 1 1992 1992 0 0 0 0 7th (1992)
Flag of France.svg.png France 1 2019 2019 0 0 0 0 10th (2019)

Awards

Main article: List of IIHF Women's World Championship Directorate award winners

At most IIHF events, the tournament directorate awards the best forward, best defenceman, best goaltender and most valuable player of each tournament. at the women's event, these awards have been handed out in some combination since the first tournament, with the exception of 1997, and the cancelled tournament in 2003.

See also

External links/sources

  1. ↑ "IIHF World Women's Championships". International Ice Hockey Federation. http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html. Retrieved 12 January 2011. 
  2. ↑ Merk, Martin. "New era of women's hockey", International Ice Hockey Federation, 17 December 2010. Retrieved on 12 January 2011. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. 
  3. ↑ Merk, Martin. "Women's Worlds grow". International Ice Hockey Federation. https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2019/ww/news/4341/women%E2%80%99s-worlds-grow. Retrieved 17 February 2019. 
  4. ↑ "The IIHF Annual Congress made the following decisions in Riga during its session on May 19:", International Ice Hockey Federation, June 2006, p. 2. Retrieved on 17 February 2019. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. 
  5. ↑ "World Women's back to eight teams". International Ice Hockey Federation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185236/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3263&cHash=f29880b6730f3340e970e9c90a588100. Retrieved 17 February 2019. 
  6. ↑ IIHF Statutes and Bylaws, sections 406, 616, and 900
  7. ↑ "Halifax, Truro to host 2020 Women's Worlds – The Sports Network", TSN, 30 October 2018. 
  • The Women's Hockey Web
  • Müller, Stephan : International Ice Hockey Encyclopedia 1904–2005 / BoD GmbH Norderstedt, 2005 ISBN 3-8334-4189-5.
  • Duplacey, James (1998). Total Hockey: The official encyclopedia of the National Hockey League. Total Sports, 487–9. ISBN 0-8362-7114-9. 
  • Podnieks, Andrew (2010). IIHF Media Guide & Record Book 2011. Moydart Press, 26–7,227–235. 


International Ice Hockey Federation
World Championships

Ice Hockey World Championships - U20 - U18 - IIHF World Women's Championships - U18

Other competitions

Olympic Games - Champions Hockey League - Continental Cup - IIHF Asia and Oceania Championship - IIHF Development Cup (Women's)

Former

Victoria Cup - European Champions Cup - Super Cup - European Championships - European Women Championships - European Junior Championships - Asian Oceanic U18 Championships - European Women's Champions Cup - Pan American Ice Hockey Tournament

Related articles

IIHF Centennial All-Star Team - IIHF Hall of Fame - IIHF World Ranking (List) - List of IIHF members - International Ice Hockey Association - Paul Loicq Award - Torriani Award - Player of the Year (Female, Male)

IIHF Women's Ice Hockey championships
Olympic tournaments

1998 - 2002 - 2006 - 2010 - 2014 - 2018 - 2022

World Women's Championships

1990 - 1992 - 1994 - 1997 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019 - 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024

World Women's U18 Championships

2007 (Qualification) - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019 - 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024

European Women Championships

1989 - 1991 - 1993 - 1995 - 1996

Women's Pacific Rim Championship

1995 - 1996

European Women's Hockey League

2004 - 2005–06 - 2006–07 - 2007–08 - 2008–09 - 2009–10 - 2010–11 - 2011–12 - 2012–13 - 2013–14 - 2014–15 - 2015–16 - 2016–17 - 2017–18 - 2018–19 - 2019–20 - 2020–21 - 2021–22 - 2022–23 - 2023–24

European Women's Champions Cup

2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007–08 - 2008–09 - 2009–10 - 2010–11 - 2011–12 - 2012–13 - 2013–14 - 2014–15

4 Nations Cup

1996 - 1997 - 1998 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018

Nations Cup

2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018

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