IIHF World Women's Championships: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox sports league
{{Infobox sports league
|current_season = 2019 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
|current_season = 2023 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
|logo=
|logo=
|pixels=
|pixels=
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|founded=[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|founded=[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|teams=10 in the Top Division<br>12 in Division I<br>17 Division II
|teams=10 in the Top Division<br>12 in Division I<br>17 Division II
|champion={{ihw|USA}} (9th title)
|champion={{ihw|USA}} (10th title)
|most_champs = {{ihw|CAN}} (10 titles)
|most_champs = {{ihw|CAN}} (12 titles)
|website=[https://www.iihf.com/en/tournaments IIHF.com]
|website=[https://www.iihf.com/en/tournaments IIHF.com]
}}
}}
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The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90's.<ref name=PastTournaments>{{cite web|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html |title=IIHF World Women's Championships |accessdate=12 January 2011 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were [[IIHF European Women Championships|European Championships]] and in 1995 and 1996 a [[IIHF Women's Pacific Rim Championship|Pacific Rim Championship]]. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|1998]] onward, the [[Olympic Games#Women's tournament|Olympic tournament]] was played instead of the IIHF Championships. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.<ref name=Merk>{{cite news |title=New era of women's hockey |date=17 December 2010 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |last=Merk |first=Martin |accessdate=12 January 2011 |url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921063928/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |archivedate=21 September 2013 |df= }}</ref>
The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90's.<ref name=PastTournaments>{{cite web|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html |title=IIHF World Women's Championships |accessdate=12 January 2011 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]]}}</ref> From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were [[IIHF European Women Championships|European Championships]] and in 1995 and 1996 a [[IIHF Women's Pacific Rim Championship|Pacific Rim Championship]]. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|1998]] onward, the [[Olympic Games#Women's tournament|Olympic tournament]] was played instead of the IIHF Championships. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.<ref name=Merk>{{cite news |title=New era of women's hockey |date=17 December 2010 |publisher=[[International Ice Hockey Federation]] |last=Merk |first=Martin |accessdate=12 January 2011 |url=http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921063928/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/browse/7/select_category/21/recap/5130.html |archivedate=21 September 2013 |df= }}</ref>


[[Canada]] and the [[United States|USA]] have dominated the tournament, placing first and second in every tournament until 2019. Canada won gold the first eight straight and the USA dominated recently winning 9 of the last 11 gold medals.
Canada and the United States have dominated the Championship since its inception. Canada won gold at the first eight consecutive tournaments and the United States has won gold at ten of the last fourteen tournaments. Both national teams placed either first or second every tournament until Canada's streak was broken at the 2019 Championship. Finland is the third most successful World Championship team, having won thirteen bronze medals and one silver medal – achieved after breaking the Canadian gold-silver streak. Four other teams have medalled at a Women's World Championship: Russia, winning three bronze medals; Czech Republic and Sweden, each winning two; and Switzerland, winning one.  


==Structure and Qualification==
==Structure and Qualification==
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===Lower Divisions===
===Lower Divisions===
By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six, called Division I, Division II, and Division III with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.
Outside of the Top Division tournament, participating nations play in groups of no more than six teams. As of 2022, there are six group tiers across three divisions below the Top Division.
 
Introduced in 1999 as a Division I tournament and Division I qualification tournament, the number of lower divisions rapidly expanded as more national teams gained admittance. By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six teams each, called Division I, Division II, and Division III, with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.
 


==Rules and eligibility==
==Rules and eligibility==
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==Tournaments==
==Tournaments==
{| border=1 style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;" cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 width=100%
{| class="wikitable" font-size:90%;" cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 width=100%
|- bgcolor=#C1D8FF
|-
!rowspan=2 width=5%|Year
!rowspan=2 width=5%|Year
!width=1% rowspan=30 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=35 bgcolor=ffffff|
!rowspan=2 width=20%|Host city
!rowspan=2 width=20%|Host city/cities
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!colspan=3|Final
!colspan=3|Final
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!colspan=3|Third place match
!colspan=3|Third place match
|- bgcolor=#EFEFEF
|-
!width=15%|Champion
!width=15%|Champions
!width=5%|Score
!width=5%|Score
!width=15%|Second place
!width=15%|Runners-up
!width=15%|Third place
!width=15%|Third place
!width=5%|Score
!width=5%|Score
!width=15%|Fourth place
!width=15%|Fourth place
|- align=center bgcolor=darkblue
|- align=center
!
!
!colspan=9|  
!colspan=9|  
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|[[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Ottawa]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Ottawa]]
!width=1% rowspan=4 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=4 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
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|'''6–3'''
|'''6–3'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]]
|[[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Tampere]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Tampere]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''8–0'''
|'''8–0'''
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|'''5–4'''
|'''5–4'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]
|[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|United States}} [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''6–3'''
|'''6–3'''
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|'''8–1'''
|'''8–1'''
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]]
|[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''4–3''' <br> (OT)
|'''4–3''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''3–0'''
|'''3–0'''
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|{{ihw-big|CHN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|<!--[[1998 IIHF Women's World Championship|1998]]--> 1998
|<!--[[1998 IIHF Women's World Championship|1998]]--> 1998
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[1998 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|1998 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[1998 Winter Olympics|1998 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]]
|[[1999 IIHF Women's World Championship|1999]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Espoo]]/[[Vantaa]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Espoo]]/[[Vantaa]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
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|'''8–2'''
|'''8–2'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2000 IIHF Women's World Championship|2000]]
|[[2000 IIHF Women's World Championship|2000]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Mississauga]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Mississauga]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''7–1'''
|'''7–1'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]
|[[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Minneapolis]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|United States}} [[Minneapolis]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
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|'''2–1'''
|'''2–1'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|<!--[[2002 IIHF Women's World Championship|2002]]--> 2002
|<!--[[2002 IIHF Women's World Championship|2002]]--> 2002
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2002 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2002 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2002 Winter Olympics|2002 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2003 IIHF Women's World Championship|2003]]
|[[2003 IIHF Women's World Championship|2003]]
|align=left|{{flag|China}}, [[Beijing]]
|align=left|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|colspan=7| ''Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China''
|colspan=9| ''Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]]
|[[2004 IIHF Women's World Championship|2004]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]/[[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]/[[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''2–0'''
|'''2–0'''
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|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]
|[[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]
|align=left|{{flag|Sweden}}, [[Linköping]]/[[Norrköping]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Linköping]]/[[Norrköping]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''1–0''' <br> (SO)
|'''1–0''' <br/> (SO)
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|'''5–2'''
|'''5–2'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|<!--[[2006 IIHF Women's World Championship|2006]]--> 2006
|<!--[[2006 IIHF Women's World Championship|2006]]--> 2006
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2006 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2006 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2006 Winter Olympics|2006 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]]
|[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Winnipeg]]/[[Selkirk, Manitoba|Selkirk]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Winnipeg]]/[[Selkirk, Manitoba|Selkirk]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
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|'''1–0'''
|'''1–0'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]
|[[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]
|align=left|{{flag|China}}, [[Harbin]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|China}} [[Harbin]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''4–3'''
|'''4–3'''
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|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
|{{ihw-big|SUI}}
|{{ihw-big|SUI}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]]
|[[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Hämeenlinna]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Hämeenlinna]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
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|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|{{ihw-big|SWE}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|<!--[[2010 IIHF Women's World Championship|2010]]--> 2010
|<!--[[2010 IIHF Women's World Championship|2010]]--> 2010
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2010 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2010 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held during [[2010 Winter Olympics|2010 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]]
|[[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]]
|align=left|{{flag|Switzerland}}, [[Zürich]]/[[Winterthur]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Zürich]]/[[Winterthur]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''3–2''' <br> (OT)
|'''3–2''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]]
|[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|United States}} [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''5–4''' <br> (OT)
|'''5–4''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|SUI}}
|{{ihw-big|SUI}}
|'''6–2'''
|'''6–2'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]]
|[[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Ottawa]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Ottawa]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''3–2'''
|'''3–2'''
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|'''2–0'''
|'''2–0'''
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|[[2014 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2014]]
|[[2014 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2014]]
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2014 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2014 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2014 Winter Olympics|2014 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2015 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2015]]
|[[2015 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2015]]
|align=left|{{flag|Sweden}}, [[Malmö]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Malmö]]
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% rowspan=3 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
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|'''4–1'''
|'''4–1'''
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]]
|[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Kamloops]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Kamloops]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''1–0''' <br> (OT)
|'''1–0''' <br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|'''1–0''' <br> (SO)
|'''1–0''' <br/> (SO)
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|[[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]]
|[[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]]
|align=left|{{flag|USA}}, [[Plymouth Township, Michigan|Plymouth]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|United States}} [[Plymouth Township, Michigan|Plymouth]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''3–2'''<br> (OT)
|'''3–2'''<br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''8–0'''
|'''8–0'''
|{{ihw-big|GER}}
|{{ihw-big|GER}}
|- align=center bgcolor=lightblue
|- align=center
|[[2018 IIHF Women's World Championship|2018]]
|[[2018 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2018]]
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament|2018 Olympics]]''
|colspan=9| ''Competition not held at top level during [[2018 Winter Olympics|2018 Olympics]]''
|- align=center bgcolor=#D0E7FF
|- align=center
|[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]]
|[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]]
|align=left|{{flag|Finland}}, [[Espoo]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Espoo]]
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''2–1''' <br> (SO)
|'''2–1''' <br/> (SO)
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
!width=1% rowspan=2 bgcolor=ffffff|
!width=1% bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''7–0'''
|'''7–0'''
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|{{ihw-big|RUS}}
|- align=center bgcolor=#F5FAFF
|- align=center
|<!--[[2020 IIHF Women's World Championship|2020]]-->2020
|[[2020 IIHF Women's World Championship|2020]]
|align=left|{{flag|Canada}}, [[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]/[[Truro, Nova Scotia|Truro]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tsn.ca/halifax-truro-to-host-2020-women-s-worlds-1.1200790|title=Halifax, Truro to host 2020 Women's Worlds – The Sports Network|date=30 October 2018|work=TSN|access-date=30 October 2018}}</ref>
|colspan=9| ''Competition at top level, Division I, and Division II Group A was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic''
|
|- align=center
|
|[[2021 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2021]]
|
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Calgary]]
|
!width=1% rowspan=5 bgcolor=ffffff|
|
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|
|'''3–2'''<br/> (OT)
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
!width=1% rowspan=5 bgcolor=ffffff|
|{{ihw-big|FIN}}
|'''3–1'''
|{{ihw-big|SWI}}
|- align=center
|[[2022 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships|2022]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Herning]]/[[Frederikshavn]]
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|'''2–1'''<br/>
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|{{Ihw-big|CZE|name=Czechia}}
|'''4–2'''
|{{Ihw-big|SWI}}
|- align=center
|[[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]]
|align=left|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Brampton]]
|{{ihw-big|USA}}
|'''6–3'''<br/>
|{{ihw-big|CAN}}
|{{Ihw-big|CZE|name=Czechia}}
|'''3–2'''
|{{Ihw-big|SUI}}
|}
|}
=== Participation and medals ===
=== Participation and medals ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
|-
|-
! Nation !! Tournaments !! First !! Last !! style="background:gold"|Gold !! style="background:silver"|Silver !! style="background:#c96"|Bronze !! Total !! data-sort-type=number|Best finish (first/last)
! Country !! Tournaments !! First !! Last !! style="background:gold"|Gold !! style="background:silver"|Silver !! style="background:#c96"|Bronze !! Total !! data-sort-type=number|Best finish (first/last)
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CAN}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 10 || 8 || 1 || 19 || 1st ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CAN}} || 22 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 12 || 9 || 1 || 22 || 1st ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[2022 IIHF Women's World Championship|2022]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|USA}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 9 || 10 || 0 || 19 || 1st ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
| align=left|{{ihw|USA}} || 22 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 10 || 12 || 0 || 22 || 1st ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|FIN}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 1 || 12 || 13 || 2nd ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
| align=left|{{ihw|FIN}} || 22 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 1 || 13 || 14 || 2nd ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|RUS}} || 16 || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 3 || 3rd ([[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]/[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]])
| align=left|{{ihw|RUS}} || 17 || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || [[2021 IIHF Women's World Championship|2021]] || 0 || 0 || 3 || 3 || 3rd ([[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]]/[[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SWE}} || 19 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CZE|name=Czechia}} || 8 || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2022 IIHF Women's World Championship|2022]]/[[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SUI}} || 16 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3rd ([[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
| align=left|{{ihw|SWE}} || 21 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 3rd ([[2005 IIHF Women's World Championship|2005]]/[[2007 IIHF Women's World Championship|2007]])
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SUI}} || 18 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3rd ([[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CHN}} || 11 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]/[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]])
| align=left|{{ihw|CHN}} || 11 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]]/[[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|GER}} || 14 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]])
| align=left|{{ihw|GER}} || 17 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4th ([[2017 IIHF Women's World Championship|2017]])
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|JPN}} || 10 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 5th ([[2022 IIHF Women's World Championship|2022]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|NOR}} || 4 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]])
| align=left|{{ihw|NOR}} || 4 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[1997 IIHF Women's World Championship|1997]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]]/[[1994 IIHF Women's World Championship|1994]])
Line 293: Line 324:
| align=left|{{ihw|KAZ}} || 4 || [[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]] || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]])
| align=left|{{ihw|KAZ}} || 4 || [[2001 IIHF Women's World Championship|2001]] || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2009 IIHF Women's World Championship|2009]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|CZE}} || 5 || [[2013 IIHF Women's World Championship|2013]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6th ([[2016 IIHF Women's World Championship|2016]])
| align=left|{{ihw|DEN}} || 3 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[2022 IIHF Women's World Championship|2022]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]])
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|JPN}} || 7 || [[1990 IIHF Women's World Championship|1990]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2008 IIHF Women's World Championship|2008]]/[[2015 IIHF Women's World Championship|2015]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|SVK}} || 2 || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || [[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]])
| align=left|{{ihw|SVK}} || 2 || [[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]] || [[2012 IIHF Women's World Championship|2012]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[2011 IIHF Women's World Championship|2011]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|DEN}} || 1 || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || [[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 7th ([[1992 IIHF Women's World Championship|1992]])
| align=left|{{ihw|HUN}} || 3 || [[2021 IIHF Women's World Championship|2021]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 8th ([[2022 IIHF Women's World Championship|2022]])
|-
|-
| align=left|{{ihw|FRA}} || 1 || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 10th ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]])
| align=left|{{ihw|FRA}} || 2 || [[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]] || [[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]] || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 10th ([[2019 IIHF Women's World Championship|2019]]/[[2023 IIHF Women's World Championship|2023]])
|}
|}
==Awards==
==Awards==
''Main article'':  [[List of IIHF Women's World Championship Directorate award winners]]
''Main article'':  [[List of IIHF Women's World Championship Directorate award winners]]

Revision as of 15:20, 25 July 2023

IIHF World Women's Championships
2023 Women's Ice Hockey World Championships
Sport Ice hockey
Founded 1990
No. of teams 10 in the Top Division
12 in Division I
17 Division II
Most recent champion(s) Flag of the United States.svg.png United States (10th title)
Most championship(s) Flag of Canada.svg.png Canada (12 titles)
Official website IIHF.com

The IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship is the premier international tournament in women's ice hockey. It is governed by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).

The official world competition was first held in 1990, with four more championships held in the 90's.[1] From 1989 to 1996, and in years that there was no world tournament held, there were European Championships and in 1995 and 1996 a Pacific Rim Championship. From the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament in 1998 onward, the Olympic tournament was played instead of the IIHF Championships. As part of an effort to improve competition, the IIHF decided to hold Women's Championships in Olympic years, starting in 2014, but not at the top level.[2]

Canada and the United States have dominated the Championship since its inception. Canada won gold at the first eight consecutive tournaments and the United States has won gold at ten of the last fourteen tournaments. Both national teams placed either first or second every tournament until Canada's streak was broken at the 2019 Championship. Finland is the third most successful World Championship team, having won thirteen bronze medals and one silver medal – achieved after breaking the Canadian gold-silver streak. Four other teams have medalled at a Women's World Championship: Russia, winning three bronze medals; Czech Republic and Sweden, each winning two; and Switzerland, winning one.

Structure and Qualification

The women's tournament began as an eight-team tournament featuring Canada, the US, the top five from the 1989 European championships, and one Asian qualifier. The same formula was used for 1992, 1994 and 1997, but changed following the first Olympic Women's Ice Hockey Tournament at the 1998 Nagano Olympics. The best five from the Olympic tournament were qualified for 1999, followed by the best three from qualification rounds during the Olympic year. The championship became a yearly tournament beginning in 1999 with promotion and relegation with lower ranked nations. Remaining nations play in groups of (now) six nations, with as many as five tiers.

After the 2017 tournament, it was announced that tournament would expand to 10 teams for 2019, having been played with 8 teams since the first tournament in 1990, except in 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009, where 9 teams played. The 2004 edition featured 9 teams when Japan was promoted from Division II but no team was relegated from the Top Division in 2003, due to the cancellation of the top division tournament in China because of the outbreak of the SARS disease.[3] Two teams were relegated from the Top Division in 2004, going back to 8 teams for 2005, but due to the success of the 9-team pool in 2004, IIHF decided to expand again to 9 teams for 2007.[4] Reverting to 8 teams after the 2009 tournament.[5]

Championship Format

Initially, the tournament was an eight-team tournament divided into two groups, which played round-robin. The top two from each group played off for the gold, and beginning in 1999 the bottom two played off to determine placement and relegation. In 2004, 2007, 2008, and 2009 the tournament was played with nine nations, using three groups of three playing round-robin. In this format first place from each group continued on to play for gold, second place from each group played for placement and an opportunity to still play for bronze, and the third place teams played off to determine relegation. Beginning in 2011, the tournament changed the format to encourage more equal games. The top four seed nations played in Group A, where the top two teams got a bye to the semi-finals, the bottom two go to the quarter-finals to face the top two finishers from Group B. The bottom two from Group B then play each other in a best of three to determine relegation. Beginning in 2019 the tournament was expanded to ten teams, bringing with it a new format. The ten teams are divided into two groups of five and play round-robin. In this format, the five teams in Group A and the top three teams from Group B move into the Quarterfinals, seeded A1vsB3, A2vsB2, A3vsB1, and A4vsA5. The bottom two from Group B now play only one 9th place game and both get relegated.

Lower Divisions

Outside of the Top Division tournament, participating nations play in groups of no more than six teams. As of 2022, there are six group tiers across three divisions below the Top Division.

Introduced in 1999 as a Division I tournament and Division I qualification tournament, the number of lower divisions rapidly expanded as more national teams gained admittance. By 2003 the lower tiers were formalized into tiered groups of six teams each, called Division I, Division II, and Division III, with promotion for the top team in each and relegation for the bottom team. By 2009 it had grown up to Division V, but in 2012 the titles were changed to match the men's tournaments; Division I became IA, Division II became IB, Division III became IIA, Division IV became IIB, and Division V became IIB Qualification. Promotion and relegation remained the same after the title changes.


Rules and eligibility

The rules of play are essentially the same as the men's with one key difference: body checking. Checking was allowed in the first championship but has been assessed as a minor penalty since. To be eligible players must be under the jurisdiction of the governing body they are representing and must be a citizen of that country. Additionally, the player must be eighteen years old, or sixteen with a medical waiver, in the season the tournament takes place.[6]

Tournaments

Year Host city/cities Final Third place match
Champions Score Runners-up Third place Score Fourth place
1990 Flag of Canada Ottawa
Canada 		5–2
United States
Finland 		6–3
Sweden
1992 Flag of Finland Tampere
Canada 		8–0
United States
Finland 		5–4
Sweden
1994 Flag of United States Lake Placid
Canada 		6–3
United States
Finland 		8–1
China
1997 Flag of Canada Kitchener
Canada 		4–3
(OT)
United States
Finland 		3–0
China
1998 Competition not held during 1998 Olympics
1999 Flag of Finland Espoo/Vantaa
Canada 		3–1
United States
Finland 		8–2
Sweden
2000 Flag of Canada Mississauga
Canada 		3–2
(OT)
United States
Finland 		7–1
Sweden
2001 Flag of United States Minneapolis
Canada 		3–2
United States
Russia 		2–1
Finland
2002 Competition not held during 2002 Olympics
2003 Competition at top level was cancelled due to SARS outbreak in China
2004 Flag of Canada Halifax/Dartmouth
Canada 		2–0
United States
Finland 		3–2
Sweden
2005 Flag of Sweden Linköping/Norrköping
United States 		1–0
(SO)
Canada
Sweden 		5–2
Finland
2006 Competition not held during 2006 Olympics
2007 Flag of Canada Winnipeg/Selkirk
Canada 		5–1
United States
Sweden 		1–0
Finland
2008 Flag of China Harbin
United States 		4–3
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Switzerland
2009 Flag of Finland Hämeenlinna
United States 		4–1
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Sweden
2010 Competition not held during 2010 Olympics
2011 Flag of Switzerland Zürich/Winterthur
United States 		3–2
(OT)
Canada
Finland 		3–2
(OT)
Russia
2012 Flag of United States Burlington
Canada 		5–4
(OT)
United States
Switzerland 		6–2
Finland
2013 Flag of Canada Ottawa
United States 		3–2
Canada
Russia 		2–0
Finland
2014 Competition not held at top level during 2014 Olympics
2015 Flag of Sweden Malmö
United States 		7–5
Canada
Finland 		4–1
Russia
2016 Flag of Canada Kamloops
United States 		1–0
(OT)
Canada
Russia 		1–0
(SO)
Finland
2017 Flag of United States Plymouth
United States 		3–2
(OT)
Canada
Finland 		8–0
Germany
2018 Competition not held at top level during 2018 Olympics
2019 Flag of Finland Espoo
United States 		2–1
(SO)
Finland
Canada 		7–0
Russia
2020 Competition at top level, Division I, and Division II Group A was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Flag of Canada Calgary
Canada 		3–2
(OT)
United States
Finland 		3–1
Switzerland
2022 Flag of Denmark Herning/Frederikshavn
Canada 		2–1
United States
Czechia 		4–2
Switzerland
2023 Flag of Canada Brampton
United States 		6–3
Canada
Czechia 		3–2
Switzerland

Participation and medals

Country Tournaments First Last Gold Silver Bronze Total Best finish (first/last)
Flag of Canada.svg.png Canada 22 1990 2023 12 9 1 22 1st (1990/2022)
Flag of the United States.svg.png United States 22 1990 2023 10 12 0 22 1st (2005/2023)
Flag of Finland.svg.png Finland 22 1990 2023 0 1 13 14 2nd (2019)
Flag of Russia.svg.png Russia 17 1997 2021 0 0 3 3 3rd (2001/2016)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg.png Czechia 8 2013 2023 0 0 2 2 3rd (2022/2023)
Flag of Sweden.svg.png Sweden 21 1990 2023 0 0 2 2 3rd (2005/2007)
Flag of Switzerland.svg.png Switzerland 18 1990 2023 0 0 1 1 3rd (2012)
Flag of China.svg.png China 11 1992 2009 0 0 0 0 4th (1994/1997)
Flag of Germany.svg.png Germany 17 1990 2023 0 0 0 0 4th (2017)
Flag of Japan.svg.png Japan 10 1990 2023 0 0 0 0 5th (2022)
Flag of Norway.svg.png Norway 4 1990 1997 0 0 0 0 6th (1990/1994)
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg.png Kazakhstan 4 2001 2011 0 0 0 0 6th (2009)
Flag of Denmark.svg.png Denmark 3 1992 2022 0 0 0 0 7th (1992)
Flag of Slovakia.svg.png Slovakia 2 2011 2012 0 0 0 0 7th (2011)
Flag of Hungary.svg.png Hungary 3 2021 2023 0 0 0 0 8th (2022)
Flag of France.svg.png France 2 2019 2023 0 0 0 0 10th (2019/2023)

Awards

Main article: List of IIHF Women's World Championship Directorate award winners

At most IIHF events, the tournament directorate awards the best forward, best defenceman, best goaltender and most valuable player of each tournament. at the women's event, these awards have been handed out in some combination since the first tournament, with the exception of 1997, and the cancelled tournament in 2003.

See also

External links/sources

  1. ↑ "IIHF World Women's Championships". International Ice Hockey Federation. http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/history/all-medallists/women.html. Retrieved 12 January 2011. 
  2. ↑ Merk, Martin. "New era of women's hockey", International Ice Hockey Federation, 17 December 2010. Retrieved on 12 January 2011. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. 
  3. ↑ Merk, Martin. "Women's Worlds grow". International Ice Hockey Federation. https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2019/ww/news/4341/women%E2%80%99s-worlds-grow. Retrieved 17 February 2019. 
  4. ↑ "The IIHF Annual Congress made the following decisions in Riga during its session on May 19:", International Ice Hockey Federation, June 2006, p. 2. Retrieved on 17 February 2019. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. 
  5. ↑ "World Women's back to eight teams". International Ice Hockey Federation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185236/http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/news/news-singleview/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=3263&cHash=f29880b6730f3340e970e9c90a588100. Retrieved 17 February 2019. 
  6. ↑ IIHF Statutes and Bylaws, sections 406, 616, and 900
  • The Women's Hockey Web
  • Müller, Stephan : International Ice Hockey Encyclopedia 1904–2005 / BoD GmbH Norderstedt, 2005 ISBN 3-8334-4189-5.
  • Duplacey, James (1998). Total Hockey: The official encyclopedia of the National Hockey League. Total Sports, 487–9. ISBN 0-8362-7114-9. 
  • Podnieks, Andrew (2010). IIHF Media Guide & Record Book 2011. Moydart Press, 26–7,227–235. 


International Ice Hockey Federation
World Championships

Ice Hockey World Championships - U20 - U18 - IIHF World Women's Championships - U18

Other competitions

Olympic Games - Champions Hockey League - Continental Cup - IIHF Asia and Oceania Championship - IIHF Development Cup (Women's)

Former

Victoria Cup - European Champions Cup - Super Cup - European Championships - European Women Championships - European Junior Championships - Asian Oceanic U18 Championships - European Women's Champions Cup - Pan American Ice Hockey Tournament

Related articles

IIHF Centennial All-Star Team - IIHF Hall of Fame - IIHF World Ranking (List) - List of IIHF members - International Ice Hockey Association - Paul Loicq Award - Torriani Award - Player of the Year (Female, Male)

IIHF Women's Ice Hockey championships
Olympic tournaments

1998 - 2002 - 2006 - 2010 - 2014 - 2018 - 2022

World Women's Championships

1990 - 1992 - 1994 - 1997 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019 - 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024

World Women's U18 Championships

2007 (Qualification) - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019 - 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024

European Women Championships

1989 - 1991 - 1993 - 1995 - 1996

Women's Pacific Rim Championship

1995 - 1996

European Women's Hockey League

2004 - 2005–06 - 2006–07 - 2007–08 - 2008–09 - 2009–10 - 2010–11 - 2011–12 - 2012–13 - 2013–14 - 2014–15 - 2015–16 - 2016–17 - 2017–18 - 2018–19 - 2019–20 - 2020–21 - 2021–22 - 2022–23 - 2023–24

European Women's Champions Cup

2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007–08 - 2008–09 - 2009–10 - 2010–11 - 2011–12 - 2012–13 - 2013–14 - 2014–15

4 Nations Cup

1996 - 1997 - 1998 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018

Nations Cup

2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018

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