Deutsche Eishockey Liga

Deutsche Eishockey Liga
2023–24 DEL season
Sport	Ice hockey
Founded	1994
No. of teams	15
Country(ies)	Germany
Most recent champion(s)	Eisbären Berlin
Most championship(s)	Eisbären Berlin (10)
TV partner(s)	Servus TV
Official website	www.del.org
Related competitions	DEL2 Oberliga

The Deutsche Eishockey Liga (German Ice Hockey League, shortname DEL) is a German professional ice hockey league that was founded in 1994. It was formed as a replacement for the Ice hockey Bundesliga and is now known as DEL - Die 1. Bundesliga. Unlike the old Bundesliga, the DEL is not under the administration of the German Ice Hockey Federation. The DEL currently has the highest number of American and Canadian players outside of North America.

Former DEL logo (1994–1996). The first two seasons were sponsored by Krombacher Brewery

Former DEL logo (1997–2001)

Former DEL logo (2001–2011)

History

The Eishockey-Bundesliga (English:Federal Ice Hockey League) was formed in 1957 as the elite hockey competition in the Federal Republic of Germany, replacing the Oberliga in this position. It was in turn replaced by the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL), which now also carries the name 1st Bundesliga in its logo.

The DEL was founded in the 1994–95 season, consisting of teams from the Eishockey-Bundesliga's 1st and 2nd divisions. The condition of these earlier leagues had become intolerable. Many 1st and 2nd division teams were heavily in debt. The 2nd division attracted few sponsors and spectators. As a result, many clubs were forced to fold or withdraw to the lower leagues. Fans and corporate sponsors focused on the 1st Bundesliga teams, forcing the elite teams to invest heavily in players to avoid relegation. This increased budgets 25 percent over the previous two years.

In the final Bundesliga season, 1993–94, only 11 teams wanted to play in the 2nd Bundesliga. Furthermore, two teams folded during and after the season. Ice hockey's reputation in Germany was heavily tarnished. This made it difficult to attract serious sponsorship. In January 1994, 20 out of the remaining 21 1st and 2nd Bundesliga teams voted for creating a new entity, the DEL.

Upon founding, the "DEL Betriebsgesellschaft mbH" was the first German professional sports league managed by an organization whose members where incorporated as well. The goal behind the DEL was to create a league, based on the model of the North American NHL, in which teams could play consistently without relegation concerns and create a stable league. Clubs in the DEL were required to conform to rules, which were designed to ensure long-term viability. Twelve clubs from the old 1st Bundesliga, and six from the 2nd Bundesliga came together as founding members. The new league immediately attracted corporate sponsorship with the Krombacher Brewery, which was prominently featured on the new league logo.

The hope of avoiding the troubles of the old Bundesliga by stricter financial controls did not materialize. During DEL's initial season, on December 18, 1994, the Bundesliga's final champion, the renamed EC Hedos München, folded. This was controversial, as DEL's president Franz Hofherr had approved their license and certified their finances. Hofherr was Mad Dogs former president and it was alleged that he must have known about their desperate financial situation.

The Bosman ruling, a 1995 decision of the European Court of Justice regarding the movement of labor in soccer, had profound influence on the league. The old Bundesliga had national character with German clubs competing for the German title using mostly German players. After the ruling European Union players were excluded from the "foreign" player quota. In the 1995–96 season following the decision, the DEL teams employed 97 EU players. This lowered costs significantly, enabling smaller teams to compete more effectively. However, frequent player moves were not viewed positively by the fans, resulting in smaller attendance numbers.

Following an agreement with the DEB the league renamed itself as "DEL - Die 1. Bundesliga" in the 1999–2000 season, while reintroducing relegation and promotion to/from the 2nd Ice Hockey Bundesliga.

The 2004–05 season was significant due to the NHL lockout. 26 NHL players came to play the season in the DEL, including Jamie Langenbrunner, Erik Cole, Stéphane Robidas, Doug Weight, Mike York and several German national team players -- Jochen Hecht, Olaf Kölzig, and Marco Sturm.

Teams

Team	City/Area	Founded	Arena	Capacity
Augsburger Panther	Augsburg	1878	Curt Frenzel Stadium	7,774
Eisbären Berlin	Berlin	1954	Mercedes-Benz Arena	14,200
Düsseldorfer EG	Düsseldorf	1935	ISS Dome	13,400
Fischtown Pinguins	Bremerhaven	1974	Eisarena Bremerhaven	4,254
ERC Ingolstadt	Ingolstadt	1964	Saturn Arena	4,815
Iserlohn Roosters	Iserlohn	1959	Eissporthalle Iserlohn	4,967
Kölner Haie	Cologne	1972	Lanxess Arena	18,500
Krefeld Pinguine	Krefeld	1936	König Palast	9,000
Adler Mannheim	Mannheim	1938	SAP Arena	13,600
EHC Red Bull München	Munich	1998	Olympia Eishalle	6,136
Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers	Nuremberg	1980	Arena Nürnberger Versicherung	9,400
Schwenninger Wild Wings	Schwenningen	1904	Helios Arena	6,215
Straubing Tigers	Straubing	1948	Eisstadion am Pulverturm	6,000
Grizzlys Wolfsburg	Wolfsburg	1975	Eisarena Wolfsburg	4,660

Former teams

• BSC Preussen Berlin
  later BSchC Preussen, dissolved 2005
  refounded as Eissport & Schlittschuh Club 2007 Berlin
• Frankfurt Lions
  dissolved 5 July 2010 due to bankruptcy
• Füchse Duisburg
• ESG Füchse Sachsen Weißwasser/Chemnitz
  now Lausitzer Füchse
• Hamburg Freezers
  ceased operations 24 May 2016
• EC Hannover
  now Hannover Indians
• Hannover Scorpions
• Kassel Huskies
  dissolved 27 August 2010 due to bankruptcy
• Kaufbeurer Adler
• EV Landshut
• Maddogs München
  dissolved 1994 due to bankruptcy
• Moskitos Essen
• Munich Barons
  relocated in 2002 to become Hamburg Freezers
• EC Ratingen "Die Löwen"
  relocated in 1997 to become Revierlöwen Oberhausen
• Revierlöwen Oberhausen
• Starbulls Rosenheim
• SC Riessersee
• Wölfe Freiburg

League regulations

The DEL is an independently run league, fully owned and operated by its 14 member teams. Each team must fulfill the DEL's basic requirements to remain in the league:

• A written application for membership;
• "On ice qualification" for new teams (championship in the 2nd Bundesliga);
• A stadium that meets DEL standards;
• Financial qualification;
• Formation of an ordinary company (the DEL consists of franchises);
• Development program for young players; and
• Purchase of a license (currently, the licensing fee is set at € 800,000.00)

The DEL can only admit one 2nd Bundesliga team per season to the league, unless the league strength falls below fourteen, in which case two clubs can be admitted. Since the 2006–07 season, no DEL team can be automatically relegated, a team can only lose its league status through non-compliance with the leagues regulations (see above).

From the 2008–09 season on, each DEL club will only be allowed to have ten non-EEC players under contract.

The ESBG guarantees to admit any DEL team wishing to step down to the lower 2nd Bundesliga or Oberliga. The team, however, has to purchase a license (licensing fees for the 2nd Bundesliga are currently set at € 100,000.00).

To regulate the relationship between the DEL, the DEB and the ESBG (2nd Bundesliga), a so called Kooperationsvertrag exists. This cooperation contract was signed in December 2005., and is valid until 2011. This contract ended years of dispute between the three organizations over competencies and financial issues.

In November 2007, the DEL announced another change in policy. The league expanded to allow 16 teams beginning in the 2008–09 season, resulting in direct promotion for the 2nd Bundesliga league champions, should they fulfill all requirements and be interested in joining the DEL. Should this not be the case, or a current DEL team resigns from the league, a selection process would determine the club, or clubs, who would be eligible to join in order required to archive 16 teams. (Note: Füchse Duisburg resigned before the 2009-2010 season and was not replaced until the following season.)

Additionally, a new format for the game schedule will limit the number of regular season games to 52 for each team. This is achieved by each team playing four games against eleven others and two games against the remaining four. To determine which teams play which, the final standings of the previous season are used.

The DEL would also reintroduce promotion once more. The first- and second-lowest ranked teams will play a best-of-seven series to determine which team faces the 2nd Bundesliga champion for a place in the league. There is, however, an ongoing dispute about those games as second division teams may only have five foreign players on contract, and therefore face a handicap in comparison to the DEL teams with twelve import players each. For now, the ESBG has declared that no team from the 2nd Bundesliga would take part in these matches and therefore no promotion/relegation with the DEL will take place.

DEL seasons

Past champions

• 2023–24 Eisbären Berlin
• 2022–23 EHC München
• 2021–22 Eisbären Berlin
• 2020–21 Eisbären Berlin
• 2019–20 EHC München (RS)
• 2018–19 Adler Mannheim
• 2017–18 EHC München
• 2016–17 EHC München
• 2015–16 EHC München
• 2014–15 Adler Mannheim
• 2013–14 ERC Ingolstadt
• 2012–13 Eisbären Berlin
• 2011–12 Eisbären Berlin
• 2010–11 Eisbären Berlin
• 2009–10 Hannover Scorpions
• 2008–09 Eisbären Berlin
• 2007–08 Eisbären Berlin
• 2006–07 Adler Mannheim
• 2005–06 Eisbären Berlin
• 2004–05 Eisbären Berlin
• 2003–04 Frankfurt Lions
• 2002–03 Krefeld Pinguine
• 2001–02 Kölner Haie
• 2000–01 Adler Mannheim
• 1999–00 Munich Barons
• 1998–99 Adler Mannheim
• 1997–98 Adler Mannheim
• 1996–97 Adler Mannheim
• 1995–96 Düsseldorfer EG
• 1994–95 Kölner Haie

All-time standings

33 clubs have played in the DEL since founding, with 14 currently playing. The 1994 standing represents the Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga.

Club	No.	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	207	218	22	23	24
Eisbären Berlin	28	1BL	17	17	4	1	2	13	13	7	1	1	2	1	9	2	1	1	3	1	4	8	9	2	8	2	9	4	3	1	11	1
Fischtown Pinguins	5																								10	9	7	6	4	6	8	2
Straubing Tigers	15														12	14	13	13	13	6	9	12	13	9	9	13	8	3	8	4	5	3
EHC München5	11																		8	11	12	7	2	1	1	1	2	1	2	2	1	4
Grizzlys Wolfsburg	15												13			13	7	3	1	3	10	6	7	4	5	7	12	9	6	3	4	5
Schwenninger Wild Wings	18	1BL	9	5	10	9	10	11	12	16	14											13	14	14	12	10	14	14	10	14	12	6
Adler Mannheim	28	1BL	3	6	1	4	3	5	1	2	4	6	6	10	1	6	4	9	7	4	1	4	1	10	2	5	1	2	1	5	3	7
ERC Ingolstadt	19										12	7	5	2	4	10	12	7	6	2	6	9	3	8	7	4	5	7	5	7	2	8
Kölner Haie	28	1BL	6	1	2	3	5	1	2	6	2	4	4	5	5	3	15	10	9	9	2	5	11	7	4	6	4	11	12	10	6	9
Nürnberg Ice Tigers	27	2BL	12	11	15	12	1	10	5	4	5	2	3	4	3	1	5	5	10	13	7	3	8	6	3	3	10	8	13	8	9	10
Düsseldorfer EG 6	26	1BL	5	3	9	5			11	9	3	8	10	3	2	9	3	6	2	7	14	14	5	5	11	11	6	5	9	9	7	11
Löwen Frankfurt																															10	12
Iserlohn Roosters 1	21								15	12	9	12	11	11	11	5	11	11	12	10	13	10	6	3	13	8	13	13	7	12	13	13
Augsburger Panther	27	2BL	13	12	11	13	8	8	14	8	11	9	7	12	13	12	10	8	14	8	8	11	12	12	6	12	3	10	11	11	14	14
Bietigheim Steelers	1																													13	15
Krefeld Pinguine	28	1BL	4	7	8	11	7	3	9	3	6	10	9	8	10	11	6	12	4	12	3	2	10	13	14	14	11	12	14	15
Hamburg Freezers 2	14										8	3	8	6	7	7	8	14	11	5	5	1	4	11
Frankfurt Lions	16	2BL	10	8	12	2	4	7	10	11	13	5	1	9	8	4	9	2
Hannover Scorpions	17				14	7	11	9	7	10	10	13	12	7	6	8	2	4	5	14	11
Kassel Huskies	14	2BL	7	9	3	10	9	4	4	5	7	11	14	13			14	15
EV Duisburg	4													14	14	15	16
Wölfe Freiburg	1											14
Revierlöwen Oberhausen	5					14	14	14	6	13
Moskitos Essen	3							15	16	14
Preussen Berlin	8	1BL	1	2	5	8	13	6	8	15
Munich Barons 2 3	3							2	3	1
Starbulls Rosenheim 1	6	1BL	8	13	6	15	12	12
Landshut Cannibals 3	5	1BL	2	4	7	6	6
Ratinger Löwen	3	1BL	16	10	16
ESV Kaufbeuren	3	1BL	11	15	13
SC Riessersee	1			14
Hannover Indians	2	2BL	14	16
Lausitzer Füchse	2	2BL	15	18
Maddogs München 4	1	1BL	18

Color code	Result
Gold	Play-off champion
Silver	Play-off finalist
Green	Semi-finalist
Blue	1st round
Purple	Preliminary round
White	Did not qualify for play-offs
Red	Relegated to DEL2 or folded mid-season
Bold	Regular season champion
Italics	Play-offs not conducted
No.	Number of seasons in league (as of 2020–21)

• ¹ In 2001, the Star Bulls Rosenheim sold their DEL licence to the Iserlohn Roosters.
• ² In 2002, the München Barons relocated to become the Hamburg Freezers.
• ³ In 1999, the Landshut Cannibals sold their DEL licence to the München Barons.
• ⁴ In 1995, the Mad Dogs München folded during the regular season.
• ⁵ In 2012, the EHC München changed their name to EHC Red Bull München.
• ⁶ In 2012, the DEG Metro Stars changed their name to Düsseldorfer EG.
• In the 1995 and 1996 season, 16 clubs were qualified for the play-offs.
• In the 1998 season, 14 clubs were qualified for the play-offs.
• ⁷ The 2020 season was ended prematurely due to the coronavirus pandemic, which caused the cancellation of the play-offs. The teams are listed by their placement in the regular season.
• ⁸ The 2021 playoffs were conducted under a reduced format, with no preliminary round and only eight playoff teams.

See also

• German champions
• 2nd Bundesliga
• Oberliga

External links

• Meltzer, Bill. "Three European Champs, Three Different Paths to the Top" at NHL.com Retrieved 08-18-06.
• Official DEL website (in German)
• Official Website of the German Ice Hockey-Federation - DEB
• Official DEB-MySpace-Website
• Hockeyarenas - DEL Arenas
• Internet Hockey Database - standings and statistics
• Hockey Archives - International ice hockey website with tables and results (in French)

European Hockey Overview

Top-Level Leagues

International Alps Hockey League - BeNe League - Erste Liga - International Hockey League - Kontinental Hockey League National Andorra - Armenia - Austria - Belarus - Belgium - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Bulgaria - Croatia - Cyprus - Czech Republic - Denmark - Estonia - Finland - France - Georgia - Germany - Greece - Hungary - Iceland - Italy - Kazakhstan - Latvia - Lithuania - Luxembourg - Netherlands - Norway - Poland - Romania - Serbia - Slovakia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - Ukraine - United Kingdom

Second-Level Leagues

Belarus - Belgium - Bulgaria - Czech Republic - Denmark - England - Finland - France - Germany - Hungary - Iceland - Italy - Kazakhstan - Latvia - Lithuania - Netherlands - Norway - Poland - Russia - Slovakia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - Ukraine

Third-Level Leagues

Austria - Belgium - Czech Republic - Denmark - England - Finland - France - Germany - Hungary - Italy - Netherlands - Norway - Poland - Russia - Scotland - Slovakia - Sweden - Switzerland

Fourth-Level and lower Leagues

Austria - Belgium (4, 5) - Czech Republic (4, 5) - Finland (4, 5, 6, 7) - France - Germany (4, 5) - Hungary - Italy - Netherlands (4, 5, 6, 7) - Norway (4, 5, 6, 7) - Poland - Russia (Night League, Amateur Leagues) - Sweden (4, 5, 6, 7, 8), Switzerland (4, 5, 6, 7)

Cup Competitions

Cups Belarus - Belgium - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Bulgaria - Czech Republic - Denmark - East Germany - Estonia - Finland - France - Germany - Hungary - Iceland - Italy - Kazakhstan - Latvia - Lithuania - Luxembourg - Netherlands (Cup, Ron Berteling Schaal) - Norway - Poland - Romania - Scotland - Serbia - Slovakia - Slovenia - Soviet Union - Spain - Switzerland - Ukraine - Yugoslavia Supercups Belgium - Estonia - Hungary - Italy - Poland - Netherlands - Slovenia - Spain

Defunct Leagues

Soviet Union - Russia - Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia - West Germany - East Germany - Ireland - Luxembourg - Macedonia - Malta - Portugal - Alpenliga - Interliga - Inter-National League - North Sea Cup - Panonian League - Eastern European - Balkan League (1994-1997) - Baltic League (2001) - Baltic Hockey League (2020) - Carpathian League - Slohokej Liga - Balkan Ice Hockey League - English League - English National League - Scottish National League - British Hockey League - Ice Hockey Superleague - German Championship - Swedish Championship - Klass I - Svenska Serien - Elitserien - Swedish Division I - SM-sarja - Swiss National Championship - Swiss International Championship

Women's Leagues

International leagues European Women's Hockey League - EWHL Super Cup National leagues Austria - Belarus - Belgium - Bulgaria - Croatia - Czech Republic - Denmark - Estonia - Finland (1, 2, 3, U20, U18, U16) - France - Germany (1, 2, 3, Cup) - Great Britain (England U16) - Hungary - Iceland - Italy - Kazakhstan - Latvia - Lithuania - Netherlands - Norway - Poland - Romania - Russia (U18) - Slovakia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden (1, 2, 3, 4, U20) - Switzerland - Turkey - Ukraine Defunct leagues Czechoslovakia - Interliga - Low Countries Cup

Junior Leagues

Austria - Belarus - Belgium - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Bulgaria - Croatia - Czech Republic (Czechoslovakia) - Denmark - Estonia - Finland - France - Germany (East Germany) - Great Britain - Hungary - Iceland - Italy - Kazakhstan - Latvia - Lithuania - Netherlands - Norway - Poland - Romania - Russia (Soviet Union) - Serbia - Slovakia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - Ukraine - Yugoslavia

University Leagues

European University Hockey League - Czech Republic - Great Britain - Netherlands - Russia (RSHL, MSHL, SHLC, SHLMO, SibSHL, SPSHL) - Sweden

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