Soviet Union men's national ice hockey team - Revision history

Admin at 21:11, 6 August 2024

2024-08-06T21:11:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:11, 6 August 2024
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	Soviet journalist Vsevolod Kukushkin traveled with the national team as both a reporter and an English to Russian translator. He had access to the team's locker room and the opportunity to speak directly with the players and be part of their daily life.[12] In his 2016 book The Red Machine, Kukushkin reported that the nickname for the Soviet national team came into usage during the 1983 Super Series, when a headline in a Minneapolis newspaper headline read "The Red Machine rolled down on us".		Soviet journalist Vsevolod Kukushkin traveled with the national team as both a reporter and an English to Russian translator. He had access to the team's locker room and the opportunity to speak directly with the players and be part of their daily life.[12] In his 2016 book The Red Machine, Kukushkin reported that the nickname for the Soviet national team came into usage during the 1983 Super Series, when a headline in a Minneapolis newspaper headline read "The Red Machine rolled down on us".

	~~==Controversy==~~
	Until 1977, professional players were not able to participate in the World Championship, and it was not until 1988 that they could play in the Winter Olympics. However, the Soviet team was populated with amateur players who were primarily full-time athletes hired as regular workers of a company (aircraft industry, food workers, tractor industry) or organization (KGB, Red Army, Soviet Air Force) that sponsored what would be presented as an after-hours social sports society hockey team for their workers in order to keep their amateur status. By the 1970s, several national hockey federations, such as Canada, protested their use of the amateur status for players of Eastern Bloc teams and even withdrew from the 1972 and 1976 Winter Games

	==Stats==		==Stats==
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	===Amateur status of players===		===Amateur status of players===
	Until 1977, professional players were not able to participate in the World Championship, and it was not until 1988 that they could play in the Winter Olympics. However, the Soviet team was populated with amateur players who were primarily full-time athletes hired as regular workers of a company ([[Krylya Sovetov Moscow\|aircraft industry]], [[HC Spartak Moscow\|food workers]], [[Traktor Chelyabinsk\|tractor industry]]) or organization ([[HC Dynamo Moscow\|KGB]], [[HC CSKA Moscow\|Red Army]], [[VVS Moscow\|Soviet Air Force]]) that sponsored what would be presented as an after-hours ~~[[sports club\|~~social sports society]] hockey team for their workers in order to keep their amateur status.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/the-iihf/100-year-anniversary/100-top-stories/story-17.html \|title=PROTESTING AMATEUR RULES, CANADA LEAVES INTERNATIONAL HOCKEY \|author=IIHF \|year=2008 \|publisher=IIHF.com \|access-date=2017-08-25 }}</ref><ref>Coffey, p. 59</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1980/0415/041531.html \|title=How the Russians break the Olympic rules \|work=The Christian Science Monitor \|date=15 April 1980 \|access-date=6 December 2018}}</ref> By the 1970s, several national hockey federations, such as Canada, protested the use of the amateur status for players of Eastern Bloc teams and even withdrew from the 1972 and 1976 Winter Games in protest.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://dailyhive.com/montreal/olympic-hockey-tournament-no-nhl-history \|title=What the Olympic hockey tournament looked like before NHL participation \|work=The Daily Hive \|date=3 April 2017}}</ref>		Until 1977, professional players were not able to participate in the World Championship, and it was not until 1988 that they could play in the Winter Olympics. However, the Soviet team was populated with amateur players who were primarily full-time athletes hired as regular workers of a company ([[Krylya Sovetov Moscow\|aircraft industry]], [[HC Spartak Moscow\|food workers]], [[Traktor Chelyabinsk\|tractor industry]]) or organization ([[HC Dynamo Moscow\|KGB]], [[HC CSKA Moscow\|Red Army]], [[VVS Moscow\|Soviet Air Force]]) that sponsored what would be presented as an after-hours social sports society hockey team for their workers in order to keep their amateur status.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.iihf.com/iihf-home/the-iihf/100-year-anniversary/100-top-stories/story-17.html \|title=PROTESTING AMATEUR RULES, CANADA LEAVES INTERNATIONAL HOCKEY \|author=IIHF \|year=2008 \|publisher=IIHF.com \|access-date=2017-08-25 }}</ref><ref>Coffey, p. 59</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1980/0415/041531.html \|title=How the Russians break the Olympic rules \|work=The Christian Science Monitor \|date=15 April 1980 \|access-date=6 December 2018}}</ref> By the 1970s, several national hockey federations, such as Canada, protested the use of the amateur status for players of Eastern Bloc teams and even withdrew from the 1972 and 1976 Winter Games in protest.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://dailyhive.com/montreal/olympic-hockey-tournament-no-nhl-history \|title=What the Olympic hockey tournament looked like before NHL participation \|work=The Daily Hive \|date=3 April 2017}}</ref>

	===Coaching history===		===Coaching history===

Admin at 21:10, 6 August 2024

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Admin: Admin moved page Soviet National Team to Soviet Union men's national ice hockey team

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Admin moved page Soviet National Team to Soviet Union men's national ice hockey team

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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:37, 11 October 2019
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	The IIHF Team of the Century included four Soviet-Russian players out of a team of six. Goalie Vladislav Tretiak, defenseman Vyacheslav Fetisov and forwards Valeri Kharlamov and Sergei Makarov who played for the Soviet teams in the 1970s and the 1980s were voted on to the [[IIHF Centennial All-Star Team]] in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.<ref>[http://www.iihf.com/channels/iihf-world-championship/news/news-singleview-world-championship/article/iihf-centennial-all-star-team.html?tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=552&cHash=3a26b76f60 IIHF Centennial All-Star Team<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>		The IIHF Team of the Century included four Soviet-Russian players out of a team of six. Goalie Vladislav Tretiak, defenseman Vyacheslav Fetisov and forwards Valeri Kharlamov and Sergei Makarov who played for the Soviet teams in the 1970s and the 1980s were voted on to the [[IIHF Centennial All-Star Team]] in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.<ref>[http://www.iihf.com/channels/iihf-world-championship/news/news-singleview-world-championship/article/iihf-centennial-all-star-team.html?tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=552&cHash=3a26b76f60 IIHF Centennial All-Star Team<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

			==History==
			Ice hockey was not properly introduced into the Soviet Union until the 1940s, though bandy, a similar game played on a larger ice field, had long been popular in the country. It was during a tour of FC Dynamo Moscow of the United Kingdom in 1945 that Soviet officials first got the idea of establishing an ice hockey program. They watched several exhibition matches in London, and National Hockey League President Clarence Campbell would later say that "This was the time when the Russians got the idea for their hockey team. The Russian soccer players were more interested in watching Canadian players play hockey than in soccer." The Soviet Championship League was established in 1946, and the national team was formed shortly after, playing their first matches in a series of exhibitions against LTC Praha in 1948.

			The Soviets planned to send a team to the 1953 World Championships, but due to an injury to Vsevolod Bobrov, one of their star players, officials decided against going. They would make their debut at the 1954 World Championships instead. Largely unknown to the larger hockey world, the team surprised many by winning the gold medal.

			Throughout the rest of the 1950s the World Championships were largely contested between Canada and the Soviet Union. That changed in the early 1960s. Canada won the gold in 1961, and after missing the 1962 tournament due to political issues, the Soviets would win the gold medal every year until 1972.[6] They faced perhaps their greatest upset at the 1976 World Championships; in their opening match against host Poland, the Soviets were defeated 6–4.

			In 1972 the Soviets played Canada in an exhibition series that saw the Soviet national team play a team composed of National Hockey League (NHL) players for the first time. Both the Olympics and World Championships did not allow professionals, so the best Canadian players were never able to compete against the Soviets, and in protest at this Canada had left international hockey in 1970. This series, known as the Summit Series, was a chance to see how the NHL players would fare. In eight games (four in Canada, four in the USSR), the teams were close, and it took until the final 34 seconds of the eighth game for Canada to win the series, four games to three, with one tie.

			At the 1980 Winter Olympics, the Soviets also had one of their most notable losses. Playing the United States in the medal round, the Soviets lost 4–3. This match, later dubbed the Miracle on Ice, was notable because it had the Soviets, recognized as the top international team in the world, against an American team composed largely of university-level players. The Americans would go on to win the gold medal in the tournament, while the Soviets finished with the silver, only the second time they failed to win gold at the Olympics since their debut in 1956.

			The reforms of the 1980s in the Soviet Union had a detrimental effect on the national team. No longer afraid to speak out against their treatment, players like Viacheslav Fetisov and Igor Larionov openly critiqued the management style of their coach, Viktor Tikhonov, which included being secluded in a military-style barracks for eleven months of the year. They also sought the chance to move to North America and play in the NHL, though the authorities were reluctant to allow this. Negotiations with the NHL began in the late 1980s over this, and in 1989 several players, including both Fetisov and Larionov, were permitted to leave the Soviet Union and join NHL teams.

			Yuri Korolev was head of the research group for the national men's team from 1964 to 1992, and contributed to the team winning seventeen Ice Hockey World Championships and seven Winter Olympic Games gold medals.

			Soviet journalist Vsevolod Kukushkin traveled with the national team as both a reporter and an English to Russian translator. He had access to the team's locker room and the opportunity to speak directly with the players and be part of their daily life.[12] In his 2016 book The Red Machine, Kukushkin reported that the nickname for the Soviet national team came into usage during the 1983 Super Series, when a headline in a Minneapolis newspaper headline read "The Red Machine rolled down on us".

			==Controversy==
			Until 1977, professional players were not able to participate in the World Championship, and it was not until 1988 that they could play in the Winter Olympics. However, the Soviet team was populated with amateur players who were primarily full-time athletes hired as regular workers of a company (aircraft industry, food workers, tractor industry) or organization (KGB, Red Army, Soviet Air Force) that sponsored what would be presented as an after-hours social sports society hockey team for their workers in order to keep their amateur status. By the 1970s, several national hockey federations, such as Canada, protested their use of the amateur status for players of Eastern Bloc teams and even withdrew from the 1972 and 1976 Winter Games

	==Stats==		==Stats==

Admin: 1 revision

2016-11-29T00:38:50Z

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New page

{| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="239px" style="margin:1em 0 .5em 1em; font-size:smaller; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse;"
|-
|align=center|[[File:Soviet Union Hockey Logo (Red Army).png|150px]] Soviet Union Hockey Logo (Red Army)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Most games
|- align=center
|Alexander Maltsev (321)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Most goals
|- align=center
|Alexander Maltsev (213)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Most points
|- align=center
|Sergei Makarov (248)
|- style=background:#efefef
!First game
|- align=center
|{{ih|URS}} 23–2 {{ih-rt|GDR}} ([[East Berlin]], [[East Germany]]; 22 April 1951)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Last game
|- align=center
|{{ih|URS}} 2–2 {{ih-rt|SWE}} ([[Frankfurt]], Germany; 11 October 1991)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Largest victory
|- align=center
|{{ih|URS}} 28–2 {{ih-rt|ITA}} ([[Colorado Springs, Colorado|Colorado Springs]], United States; 26 December 1967)
|- style=background:#efefef
!Largest defeat
|- align=center
|{{ih|CAN}} 8–2 {{ih-rt|URS}} ([[Ottawa]], Canada; 9 January 1968) 
{{ih|TCH}} 9–3 {{ih-rt|URS}} ([[Prague]], [[Czechoslovakia]]; 21 March 1975)
|- style=background:#efefef
![[Canada Cup]]
|- align=center
|''Winners'': 1 – 1981
|- style=background:#efefef
!World Championships
|- align=center
|''Gold medalists'': 22 – 1954, [[1956 Winter Olympics|1956]], 1963, [[1964 Winter Olympics|1964]], 1965, 1966, 1967, [[1968 Winter Olympics|1968]], 1969, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1990
|- style=background:#efefef
!International competition
|- align=center
|''Current record'': (W-L-T) 738–110–65
|}
{{MedalBox|medals=
{{Medal|Sport|[[Olympic Games]]}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1956 Winter Olympics|1956]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Bronze|[[1960 Winter Olympics|1960]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1964 Winter Olympics|1964]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1968 Winter Olympics|1968]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1972 Winter Olympics|1972]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1976 Winter Olympics|1976]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Silver|[[1980 Winter Olympics|1980]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1984 Winter Olympics|1984]]|Ice hockey}}
{{Medal|Gold|[[1988 Winter Olympics|1988]]|Ice hockey}}
}}
[[File:Soviet Union hockey jersey.png|thumb|right|Jersey]]
The '''Soviet national ice hockey team''' was the national ice hockey team of the [[Soviet Union]]. The team won nearly every [[Ice Hockey World Championships|world championship]] and [[Ice hockey at the Olympic Games|Olympic tournament]] between 1954 and 1991 and never failed to medal in any [[International Ice Hockey Federation]] (IIHF) tournament they competed in.

After 1991, the Soviet team competed as the Unified Team at the [[1992 Winter Olympics]] and as the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] at the [[1992 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|1992 World Championship]]. In 1993, it was replaced by national teams for [[Belarus men's national ice hockey team|Belarus]], [[Estonia men's national ice hockey team|Estonia]], [[Kazakhstan men's national ice hockey team|Kazakhstan]], [[Latvia men's national ice hockey team|Latvia]], [[Lithuania national ice hockey team|Lithuania]], [[Russia national ice hockey team|Russia]] and [[Ukraine national ice hockey team|Ukraine]]. The IIHF recognized the [[Russia men's national ice hockey team|Russian ice hockey federation]] as the successor to the Soviet Union hockey federation and passed its ranking on to Russia. The other national hockey teams were considered new and sent to compete in Pool C.

The IIHF Team of the Century included four Soviet-Russian players out of a team of six. Goalie Vladislav Tretiak, defenseman Vyacheslav Fetisov and forwards Valeri Kharlamov and Sergei Makarov who played for the Soviet teams in the 1970s and the 1980s were voted on to the [[IIHF Centennial All-Star Team]] in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.<ref>[http://www.iihf.com/channels/iihf-world-championship/news/news-singleview-world-championship/article/iihf-centennial-all-star-team.html?tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=552&cHash=3a26b76f60 IIHF Centennial All-Star Team]</ref>

==Stats==

'''Leading scorers''' ([[Olympic Games|Olympics]], World Championships, [[Canada Cup]]s, [[1972 Summit Series]])
#Sergei Makarov – 248 points
#Aleksandr Maltsev – 213+ points
#Valeri Kharlamov – 199 points
#Boris Mikhailov – 180 points
#Vladimir Petrov – 176 points

Note: The team's Olympic record was 62–6–2 (win-loss-tie) through 1956–1992. They scored 467 goals and gave up 127 goals. That averaged 6.67 goals per game and 1.81 goals given up.

Note: Maltsev has at least 213 points from his goals, and possibly more, but an accurate number for his assists cannot be found.

==World Championship record==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Year !! Location !! Result
|-
| [[1954 World Ice Hockey Championships|1954]] || [[Stockholm]], {{ih|SWE}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1955 World Ice Hockey Championships|1955]] || [[Krefeld]] / [[Dortmund]] / [[Cologne]], {{ih-rt|FRG}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1957 World Ice Hockey Championships|1957]] || [[Moscow]], {{ih|URS}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1958 World Ice Hockey Championships|1958]] || [[Oslo]], {{ih|NOR}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1959 World Ice Hockey Championships|1959]] || [[Prague]] / [[Bratislava]], {{Ih|TCH}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1961 World Ice Hockey Championships|1961]] || [[Geneva]] / [[Lausanne]], {{ih|SUI}} || style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|-
| [[1962 World Ice Hockey Championships|1962]] || [[Colorado Springs, Colorado|Colorado Springs]] / [[Denver, Colorado|Denver]], {{ih|USA}} || DNP
|-
| [[1963 World Ice Hockey Championships|1963]] || [[Stockholm]], {{ih|SWE}}||bgcolor=gold| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1965 World Ice Hockey Championships|1965]] || [[Tampere]], {{ih|FIN}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1966 World Ice Hockey Championships|1966]] || [[Ljubljana]], {{ih|YUG}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1967 World Ice Hockey Championships|1967]] || [[Vienna]], {{ih|AUT}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1969 World Ice Hockey Championships|1969]] || [[Stockholm]], {{ih|SWE}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1970 World Ice Hockey Championships|1970]] || [[Stockholm]], {{ih|SWE}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1971 World Ice Hockey Championships|1971]] || [[Bern]] / [[Geneva]], {{ih|SUI}} ||bgcolor=gold| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1972 World Ice Hockey Championships|1972]] || [[Prague]], {{Ih|TCH}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1973 World Ice Hockey Championships|1973]] || [[Moscow]], {{ih|URS}} ||bgcolor=gold| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1974 World Ice Hockey Championships|1974]] || [[Helsinki]], {{ih|FIN}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1975 World Ice Hockey Championships|1975]] || [[Munich]] / [[Düsseldorf]], {{ih|FRG}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1976 World Ice Hockey Championships|1976]] || [[Katowice]], {{ih|POL}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1977 World Ice Hockey Championships|1977]] || [[Vienna]], {{ih|AUT}} || style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|-
| [[1978 World Ice Hockey Championships|1978]] || [[Prague]], {{ih|TCH}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1979 World Ice Hockey Championships|1979]] || [[Moscow]], {{ih|URS}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1981 World Ice Hockey Championships|1981]] || [[Gothenburg]] / [[Stockholm]], {{ih|SWE}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1982 World Ice Hockey Championships|1982]] || [[Helsinki]] / [[Tampere]], {{ih|FIN}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1983 World Ice Hockey Championships|1983]] || [[Düsseldorf]] / [[Dortmund]] / [[Munich]], {{ih-rt|FRG}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1985 World Ice Hockey Championships|1985]] || [[Prague]], {{ih|TCH}} || style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|-
| [[1986 World Ice Hockey Championships|1986]] || [[Moscow]], {{ih|URS}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1987 World Ice Hockey Championships|1987]] || [[Vienna]], {{ih|AUT}} || style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|-
| [[1989 World Ice Hockey Championships|1989]] || [[Stockholm]] / [[Södertälje]], {{ih|SWE}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1990 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|1990]] || [[Bern]] / [[Fribourg]], {{ih|SUI}} || style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|-
| [[1991 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships|1991]] || [[Turku]] / [[Helsinki]] / [[Tampere]], {{ih|FIN}} || style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|}

==Summit Series record==
*[[Summit Series|1972]] – Lost to [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|Canada]] (against Canadian [[NHL]] players)
*[[1974 Summit Series|1974]] – '''Won series against Canada''' (against Canadian WHA players)

==Canada Cup record and World Cup of Hockey record==
* [[1976 Canada Cup|1976]] – Finished in 3rd place
* [[1981 Canada Cup|1981]] – '''Won championship'''
* [[1984 Canada Cup|1984]] – Lost semifinal
* [[1987 Canada Cup|1987]] – Lost final
* [[1991 Canada Cup|1991]] – Finished in 5th place

==Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous vs. NHL All-Stars==
* [[1979 Challenge Cup|1979]] – '''Won series'''
* [[Rendez-vous '87|1987]] – Tied series

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.chidlovski.com/personal/1954/index.htm Hockey CCCP International]
* [http://www.1972summitseries.com 1972 Summit Series.com]
* [http://www.angelfire.com/tv2/rainbowcountry/canadarussia.html Canada Versus the Soviet Union (1972–1987)]
*[http://www.dgour.webcentre.ca/hockeyalmanac/49INTERNATIONAL.html The Hockey Almanac]

{{Men's national teams}}

[[Category:Former national ice hockey teams]]